What is the typical form of expert evidence?

• A. Oral testimony only
• B. A court summons
• C. Written report
• D. A video presentation

Answer: (C)

The main idea here is that expert evidence in civil cases is presented primarily through a written report. This expert report records the expert’s qualifications, the instructions they received, the facts and assumptions they relied on, the methods they used, and their conclusions, with the reasons and data underpinning those conclusions. It is prepared in advance, exchanged between parties, and filed with the court so everyone can understand the reasoning before any hearing. While an expert may be asked to give oral evidence later for cross-examination, the standard starting point and the usual form of expert evidence is the written report. A court summons is only a procedural tool to compel attendance, not the form of evidence, and a video presentation is not the typical format used.